Introduction to Ridi Viharaya
Ridi Viharaya, a Raja Maha Viharaya, is a historic Buddhist cave temple located in the Ridigama Divisional Secretariat of the Kurunegala District in Sri Lanka’s North Western Province. Situated approximately 23 kilometers from Kurunegala and 113 kilometers from Colombo, this sacred site holds immense cultural and religious significance. Its history dates back to the 2nd century BCE, connecting it to the legendary Ruwanweli Maha Seya and the reign of King Dutugemunu.
Significance of Ridi Viharaya
Ridi Viharaya, meaning “Silver Temple,” derives its name from the silver ore discovered at the site, which was instrumental in the construction of the Ruwanweli Maha Seya in Anuradhapura. This temple not only serves as a spiritual haven but also showcases ancient architectural marvels, intricately designed carvings, and vibrant murals that chronicle the life of Gautama Buddha. Its importance is further highlighted by its location within the Cultural Triangle, a region rich in Sri Lanka’s historical and religious heritage.
Things to Know about Ridi Viharaya
- Cultural Heritage: The temple features two main sections: the Maha Viharaya (Main Temple) and the Uda Viharaya (Upper Temple).
- The Maha Viharaya houses a gold-plated Buddha statue gifted by King Dutugemunu.
- The Uda Viharaya, built by King Kirthi Sri Rajasinha in the 18th century, features a unique ivory-adorned entrance and the “Pancha Nari Getaya” carving.
- Historical Murals: The cave walls are adorned with murals depicting Buddha’s life. Ingenious “Kataram” (drain systems) are carved into the walls to protect these artworks from rainwater damage.
- Waraka Welandu Viharaya: This temple, located nearby, is where an Arahant is said to have consumed jackfruit offered by a merchant—a key element of the legend surrounding Ridi Viharaya.
- Annual Perehara: The temple hosts the “Ridi Vihara Perehara” in August, a vibrant procession held after the Kandy Esala Perahera.
How to Reach Ridi Viharaya
The temple is easily accessible by road. The most common route is:
- From Colombo: Travel via Kurunegala, Mallawapitiya, and Ridigama to reach the temple.
- From Kurunegala: A 23-kilometer journey through Mallawapitiya and Ridigama will lead you to the site.
Historical Background
As narrated in the Mahavamsa, Ridi Viharaya’s origins are intertwined with a merchant’s discovery of a silver ore while traveling from Anuradhapura to the Hill Country. This discovery was reported to King Dutugemunu, who used the silver for the Ruwanweli Maha Seya and built Ridi Viharaya at the site as an act of gratitude.
The temple houses a gold-plated Buddha statue believed to have been transported from India. A legend states that Arahant Indragupta facilitated the miraculous placement of this statue at the temple.
Architectural Highlights
- Stone Pillars: Each of the eight stone pillars supporting the Waraka Welandu Viharaya’s roof is intricately carved with a female dancer.
- Murals: The Maha Viharaya’s interior walls are covered with scenes from the Buddha’s life arranged chronologically.
- Ivory Carvings: The Uda Viharaya’s entrance features exquisite ivory decorations.
Conclusion
Ridi Viharaya is not just a place of worship but a testament to Sri Lanka’s rich history, artistry, and devotion. Whether you are a pilgrim, a history enthusiast, or a traveler, this sacred site offers a profound cultural experience.
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